The
problems of hand move limited pupils in graphical education
Ludmila P.Bobrick
Engineering
graphics department, MAI,
The education of invalids have some peculiarities and problems depending
on disease. For example, people having problems with hand moving cannot carry
out accurate graphical formations. Drawing is one of the main subjects in
school, developing logical, abstract and spatial thinking. Engineering graphics
is also a very important subject in higher technical education establishments.
That’s why people having problems with hand moving couldn’t receive a full
value education in school and full value higher technical or art education.
Moreover, a trauma of hand could deprive engineer of his work.
The
methods of teaching graphical subjects in schools and higher education
establishments were devised long ago and well tried with time. Appearance and
active manufacturing application of design automation systems demanded the
revision of existing educational programs. As a result of many discussions, the
majority of higher education establishments give 2 independent foundation
courses: engineering graphics and computerized graphics. Practically, the
course of computerized graphics consists of studying some graphical system and
is based on knowledge of engineering graphics.
Using
the systems of computerized graphics in process of education allows even
invalids of foregoing diseases to carry out accurate graphical formations. But
for such case it was necessary to create fundamentally new methods of teaching.
The experience of teaching shows us that sequential or independent studying of
engineering graphics and computerized graphics is an unsuccessful variant. That’s why we suggest a special method of
teaching engineering graphics - a complex method. It means that all parts and
elements of the traditional engineering graphics course are combined in direct
with possibility of their realization on computer. In order to limit the time
of working with a computer, which is limited for students and pupils, all
theoretical material on this topic (stated in special literature) should be
studied before computer lessons. Most of all it relates to the rules of draft
get-up with which the studying of engineering graphics begins. For example,
Fig.1 shows illustration of the “Lines” section in “KREDO” system.
Fig. 1
«Projection
drawing» section has its own speciality. This part has a very important goal of
developing logical, abstract and spatial thinking. Studying of this section
consists of three main stages. These are:
-
Studying theoretical
material (“Views, Sections, Cuttings” sections),
-
drawing computer projections
of simple objects and finding points on their surfaces, (Fig. 2)
-
creating
solid models and working with them.
Fig. 2
The
sections of machine drawing, working with difficult surfaces section and other
sections of the course are studied using the same method.
The
main advantages of this method are:
1.
We can use different
computer graphics systems, but native systems are preferable.
2.
This method can be used for
art education - in “Computer design” speciality, for example.